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Volume 6, Number 1
Published online 02/12/2009
Wan-Xi Yang 1*†, Hans-Uwe Dahms 2*, Iskandar
Mirabdullayev 2
MIP-like substance in the brain of Perinereis nuntia
Savigny, 1818 (Polychaeta, Annelida) detected by immunocytochemistry: 1-12
1 The Sperm Laboratory, Institute of Cell Biology and
Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
2 Green Life Science Department, Sangmyung University,
Seoul 110-743 South Korea.
3 Institute of Zoology, Tashkent 700095, Uzbekistan.
ABSTRACT: Molluscan insulin-like
peptides (MIPs) were first identified from the cerebral ganglion of a freshwater
pulmonate, the snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Recently, MIPs received
considerable attention due to their molecular similarity to insulins of higher
taxa including humans. It has been suggested that MIPs play an important role in
the growth and cell differentiation of peripheral organs of mollusks. The
striking similarity between the embryology of mollusks and polychaetes has long
been recognized and supports the view that polychaetes and mollusks are
evolutionarily related. In this study, we used polyclonal antibodies against the
MIP1C-chain of L. stagnalis to detect the MIP immunoreactive cells in
the brain of the locally common polychaete Perinereis nuntia. MIP
immunoreactive cells were detected in the P. nuntia brain by confocal and
epifluorescent microscopy. These cells were located in the periphery and
posterior regions of the brain but not in the anterior region. The cells varied
from 10 to 20 µm in diameter. Electron microscopic studies of ultra-thin
sections of the P. nuntia brain, labeled by an immuno-gold secondary
antibody, confirmed the presence of MIP-immunoreactive neurons in the brain.
MIP-immunoreactive secretory granules were found in axon terminals, which
co-existed with synaptic vesicles in the neuropile of the brain. The potential
functions of MIP-like substances in polychaetes are discussed.
KEY WORDS: immunocytochemistry,
molluscan insulin-like peptides, MIP immunoreactive cells, neurotransmitters.
(in English with Russian Summary)
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V.G. Gagarin
Two species of free-living nematodes of
order Enoplida from Mediterranean Sea: 13-20
Institute of Inland Waters Biology,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl region, 152742, Russia
ABSTRACT: New species of free-living
nematodes Thalassoalaimus lissus sp.n. and Pelagonema obtusicauda
Filipjev, 1918, male of with described fragmentary, incompletely were found off
Mediterranean Sea cost near Israel. Thalassoalaimus lissus sp.n. similar
to Th. mediterraneus Vitiello, 1970 and Th. septentrionalis
Filipjev, 1927, but differ from them by the presence of hypodermal glands, more
front location of vulva, comparatively shorter oesophagus, longer spicules and
another positions of precloacal supplemental papillae. Illustrated descriptions
of males and females Pelagonema obtusicaudata are given.
KEY WORDS: Nematoda, Mediterranean
Sea, new species.
(in Russian with English Summary)
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I.V. Mekhanikova
Morphology of Gammarus dabanus
Tachteew et Mekhanikova, 2000 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridea) from mountain
streams of the Khamar-Daban Ridge (Zabaikalye): 21-31
Limnological Institute SB RAS, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya,
Irkutsk 664033, Russia.
ABSTRACT: Morphology of a recently
described species Gammarus dabanus Tachteew et Mekhanikova, 2000
inhabiting mountain streams of the Khamar-Daban Ridge (South Zabaikalye) has
been analyzed in detail. Data on studies of the typical material from two
habitats add some new details to the first description of the species. G.
dabanus (family Gammaridae) belongs to the Gammarus pulex-group
consisting of freshwater species of the genus Gammarus and characterizing
by the following morphological peculiarities: the absence of dorsal carina on
metasome segments and the presence of dense setation on pereiopods 3 and 4 and
uropod 3. G. dabanus is similar to Gammarus turanus subnivalis
Martynov, 1935 from mountain streams of Central Asia in a number of
morphological characteristics and small body size. This similarity is of a
convergent nature.
KEYWORDS: systematics, morphology,
Southern Zabaikalye, Gammarus, Gammaridea, Amphipoda, Crustacea.
(in Russian with English Summary)
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N.A. Pospekhova
Rostellar sac gland in Cloacotaenia
megalops (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae): 33-46
Institute of the Biological Problems of
the North of FEB RAS, Portovaya St.,18, Magadan, 685000, Russia.
ABSTRACT: The morphology of the
rostellar sac gland in juvenile (from a thin intestine of pintail) and adult
(attached to a cloaca wall) cestodes Cloacotaenia megalops (Nitzsch in
Creplin, 1829) is studied for the first time. Fixation of the adult parasites to
a cloaca wall is carried out by means of powerful suckers; the apical pit, a
homologue of rostellum, is a place for secret release from gland. It represents
the group of specialized tegumentary cytons, borrowing most part of rostellar
sac’s volume and limited by its muscular wall. Alongside with typical discoid
bodies, the glandular cytones of juvenile cestodes produce large (up to 1,2
microns), round, dense granules. Glands of adult, attached to a cloaca wall,
cestodes, produce erithroid granules with diameter about 350 nm. Prominent
feature of rostellar sac gland at this stage is presence of intranuclear
inclusions: a stuff with fibrillar material. The glandular secret in juvenile
and adult cestodes is released via the distal cytoplasm of apical pit into their
lumen by apocrine means. Possible functional significance of intranuclear
inclusions and a secret of rostellar sac gland secretion at different stages of
cestode life cycle are discussed.
KEY WORDS: Cestoda, tegument,
rostellar gland, ultrastructure.
(in Russian with English Summary)
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E.N. Temereva
New data on distribution,
morphology and taxonomy of phoronid larvae (Lophophorata: Phoronida): 47-64
Department of Invertebrate Zoology,
Biological faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
ABSTRACT: Phoronids have worldwide
distribution and are found in almost all seas of the World Ocean. Frequently
phoronid larvae (actinotrochs) comprise a significant proportion of the total
zooplankton biomass that makes their studies a very important source of
information for ecologists, planktonologists, and zoologists. Investigations of
phoronid larvae are interesting due to their relation to affiliation of this
phylum and other main groups of Bilateria. Identification of all species and
stages is difficult due to the paucity of published information regarding
phoronid larvae. The descriptions of morphology and microscopic anatomy of
actinotrochs found in Mediterranean and Black seas, Sea of Okhotsk, Sea of
Japan, close to Reunion Island and in the Puget Sound are given. For the first
time, the larvae that presumably belong to Phoronopsis albomaculata and
P. californica are described. The morphological and behavioral features
of two main types of actinotrochs are formulated. A complete key for
identification of all actinotrochs known by now is developed.
KEY WORDS: Phoronida, larvae,
actinotrocha, morphology, identification key.
(in English with Russian Summary)
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V.V. Khalaman, L.P. Flyachinskaya,
P.A. Lezin
Impact of excretory-secretory products of
some fouling organisms on settling of mussel’s larvae (Mytilus edulis L.,
Bivalvia, Mollusca): 65-72
The White Sea Biological Station of
Zoological Institute RAS, Universitetskaya nab., 1, S.-Petersburg, 199034
Russia.
ABSTRACT: Complexity of succession of
fouling communities in the White Sea induce to search some mechanisms that can
be important in formation and recruitment of mussel fouling community as blue
mussel is the object of cultivation. The impact of excretory-secretory products
(ESP) of some fouling organisms (Halichondria panicea, Hiatella arctica,
Molgula citrina, Mytilus edulis, Styela rustica) on settling of mussel’s
larvae Mytilus edulis L. was estimated by means of laboratory
experiments. Chemical cues of all tested animals accelerate the settling of
larvae. The effect of ESP increases in following order: Hiatella arctica
< Styela rustica £
Molgula citrina < Mytilus edulis <
Halichondria panicea. ESP of sponge Halichondria panicea sharply
stimulate settling, but conduce most part of larvae to death. Under the
influence of chemical cues of adult conspecific animals most part of just
settled mussel’s juveniles goes to float again.
KEY WORDS: fouling community,
Mytilus edulis, Halichondria panicea, Hiatella arctica, Molgula
citrina, Styela rustica, chemically-mediated interactions, larvae,
settlement, the White Sea.
(in Russian with English Summary)
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A.V. Tchesunov
To the 70-th anniversary of
Vladimir Grigorevich Gagarin: 73–75
Department of Invertebrate Zoology,
Biological faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
(in Russian)
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Volume 5, Number 2
Published online 15/09/2009
V.G. Gagarin
New nematoda species of family Leptosomatidae (Nematoda,
Enoplida) from Mediterranean Sea: 87–95
(in Russian with English Summary)
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Institute Inland Waters Biology,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl region, 152742, Russia.
ABSTRACT: Three new species
of free-living nematodes of the family Leptosomatidae were found off the
Mediterranean Sea coast near Israel. Thoracostoma parvum sp.n. is
similar to Th. coronatum (Eberth, 1863) and Th. campbelli
Dillevsen, 1921, but differs from them by the shorter body, absence of
cervical setae and subventral papillae in precloacal region of males.
Deotostoma mediterraneum sp.n. differs from D. zeae Inglis, 1964
by the absence of cervical setae and subventral setae in precloacal region
of males, shorter spicules and gubernaculum of copulative apparatus.
Synonchus glosus sp.n. is similar to S. fasciculatus Cobb, 1894,
but has the longer and thinner body, comparatively shorter cephalic setae
and longer spicules.
Key words: Nematoda, Mediterranean Sea, new
species.
A.E. Zhadan, A.B. Tzetlin
Polychaetes from deep pelagic zone of the
Mid-Atlantic ridge: 97–109
(in English with Russian Summary)
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1White Sea Biological station, Biological Faculty,
Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
2Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological
Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
ABSTRACT: Polychaetes from
bathypelagic zone of the Mid-Atlantic ridge were studied using light and
scanning electron microscopy. Descriptions of Yndolacia sp. (Yndolaciidae),
Hesionidae gen.sp. larvae, Amphinomidae gen. sp. and Buskiella
abyssorum (Flotidae) are given. Yndolacia sp. differs
from previously described specimens (Støp-Bowitz, 1987; Buzhinskaja, 2004)
by combination of characters such as simple (not ramified) nuchal organ,
separated first and second segments, number of segments and chaetae, and
relative length of tentacular cirri. Yndolacia sp. has an unusual
type of axial proboscis with dorsal part much longer than ventral, with
ciliar bundles and glands openings on the inner surface. Phylogenetic
position of Yndolaciidae is discussed. Hesionidae gen.sp. larvae show a
combination of well developed body with the segments number close to that of
adults, larval prostomium with very early appendage rudiments, and
well-developed prototroch. This morphology can be considered as an
adaptation for prolonged swimming of a relatively large animal. Amphinomidae
g. sp. These normally benthic animals were caught in the water column in
spite of their adult morphology. They are most similar to Notopygos,
but differ by absence of forked chaetae.
KEY WORDS: bathypelagic zone,
Mid-Atlantic ridge, Polychaeta, Yndolacia, Hesionidae,
Amphinomidae, Buskiella abyssorum.
I.A. Jirkov
Revision of Ampharetidae (Polychaeta) with
modified thoracic notopodia: 11–132
(in English with Russian Summary)
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Department of Hydrobiology,
Biological
Faculty, Moscow Lomonosov State University,
119899, Moscow, Russia.
ABSTRACT: Ampharetidae comprises
about 300 species and 100 genera, more than 50 are monotipic. As a first
step towards a revision of the family, all 30 species with modified thoracic
notopodia are reviewed. These 27 species had previously been organized into
11 genera, but several more genera need to be established if we follow a
traditional approach to taxonomy of family. Based on a critical
re-evaluation of 12 characters commonly used in ampharetid taxonomy and
traditional weighting of these characters, it is proposed to combine these
30 species into 3 genera: Anobothrus, Zatsepinia and Sosane.
A posteriori the following characters are of high value in ampharetid
taxonomy: type of prostomium, modification of notopodia, presence/absence of
a pair of well developed nephridial papillae behind the branchiae,
presence/absence of a circular band on anterior thorax, number of uncinigers
with modified notopodia, amount of uncinigers with neuropodia of thoracic
type. The following characters are considered of low value for generic
distinction among Ampharetidae: type of buccal tentacles, presence/absence
of paleae, number of thoracic and abdominal uncinigers, pairs of branchiae,
type of branchostyles. The taxonomic part of the paper includes
redescriptions of 7 species based on type material and new records.
Anobothrus patersoni sp.n., A. mironovi sp.n., and A.
nataliae sp.n. are described as new to science. The species
descriptions are accompanied by remarks on geographic and bathymetric
distribution. The replacement of different species in different geographic
areas is shown.
KEY WORDS: Polychaeta,
Ampharetidae, new species.
A.N. Mironov
Stalked crinoids of the family Bathycrinidae (Echinodermata)
from the eastern Pacific: 133–153
(in English with Russian Summary)
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P.P. Shirshov Institute of
Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskyi Prospekt 36, Moscow
117997, Russia.
ABSTRACT: Three crinoid species of
the family Bathycrinidae have been found in the Eastern Pacific; depths from
4130 to 6240 m. The species Bathycrinus complanathus was known
previously only from northwestern Pacific. A new genus and two new species,
Discolocrinus thieli gen. et sp.n. and Bathycrinus mendeleevi
sp.n., are described. Six types of pinnule structure are distinguished
within the living ten-armed crinoids of the order Bourgueticrinida. One of
these types is represented in the Discolocrinus only.
KEY WORDS: Discolocrinus,
Bathycrinidae, Bourgueticrinida, Crinoidea, East Pacific, deep-sea fauna,
comparative morphological analysis.
N.P. Sanamyan, K.E. Sanamyan
Shallow water anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria)
from south-eastern coast of Kamchatka:
155–172
(in Russian with English Summary)
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Kamchatka Branch of the Pacific
Institute of Geography FEB RAS, Partizanskaya 6, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky,
683000, Russia.
Abstract: Study of sea anemones from south-east
Kamchatka based on collections of KF TIG, our own collections and long term
studies of living specimens in their natural environment significantly
increased and corrected a list of Actiniaria species of this region. The
paper provides full list of species occurring from intertidal zone to 35 m
depth, descriptions and new data on biology and distribution of these
species. There are no exclusively intertidal species and all 13 recorded
species occur in subtidal, five of which may be present in intertidal zone.
Most species are widely distributed in North Pacific; five species are
distributed also in arctic seas.
Key words: sea anemone, Kamchatka, Actiniaria.
I.P. Shepeleva
Structure and optical properties of the eye of
terrestrial gastropod
snail Trichia hispida (Linné, 1758) (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora) from
South Sweden:
173–180
(in Russian with English Summary)
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Department of Cell and Organism
Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Lund, Helgonavagen 3, S-22362
Lund, Sweden.
Abstract: Structure and optical properties of the
eye of terrestrial gastropod snail Trichia hispida (Linné,
1758) from South Sweden were investigated by light microscopy methods. The
structure of T. hispida eye is typical camera eye with fixed optics.
Eye structure and optical properties differences were revealed between the
specimens T. hispida from South Sweden and the specimens of
T. hispida from Kaliningrad District previously studied. The eye of
T. hispida from South Sweden is adapted to the vision during daylight
and twilight hours, whereas the eye of T. hispida from Kaliningrad
District functions as an illumination detector only.
KEY WORDS: gastropod mollusks,
Trichia hispida, eye structure, optical properties.
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